Whether you’re sculpting a masterpiece from marble or milling a blisk from titanium, the basic principle is the same: start with a block of material and remove the unnecessary bits until the target object is all that’s left. Of course, the details of that process are much more complicated, especially for 5-axis machining.
What is 5-axis CNC Machining?
In the simplest terms, 5-axis machining involves using a CNC to move a part or cutting tool along five different axes simultaneously. This enables the machining of very complex parts, which is why 5-axis is especially popular for aerospace applications.
However, several factors have contributed to the wider adoption of 5-axis machining. These include:
A push toward single-setup machining (sometimes referred to as “Done-in-One”) to reduce lead time and increase efficiency
The ability to avoid collision with the tool holder by tilting the cutting tool or the table, which also allows better access to part geometry
Improved tool life and cycle time as a result of tilting the tool/table to maintain optimum cutting position and constant chip load.
What are the Axes in 5-Axis?
We all know the story about Newton and the apple, but there’s a similarly apocryphal story about the mathematician and philosopher, Rene Descartes.
Descartes was lying in bed (as mathematicians and philosophers are wont to do) when he noticed a fly buzzing around his room. He realized that he could describe the fly’s position in the room’s three-dimensional space using just three numbers, represented by the variables X, Y and Z.
This is the Cartesian Coordinate system, and it’s still in use more than three centuries after Descartes’ death. So X, Y and Z cover three of the five axes in 5-axis machining.
What about the other two?
Imagine zooming in on Descartes’ fly in mid-flight. Instead of only describing its position as a point in three-dimensional space, we can describe its orientation. As it turns, picture the fly rolling in the same way a plane banks. Its roll is described by the fourth axis, A: the rotational axis around X. (1 axis cnc kit or mini 4 axis cnc kit)
What is 5-axis CNC Machining?
In the simplest terms, 5-axis machining involves using a CNC to move a part or cutting tool along five different axes simultaneously. This enables the machining of very complex parts, which is why 5-axis is especially popular for aerospace applications.
However, several factors have contributed to the wider adoption of 5-axis machining. These include:
A push toward single-setup machining (sometimes referred to as “Done-in-One”) to reduce lead time and increase efficiency
The ability to avoid collision with the tool holder by tilting the cutting tool or the table, which also allows better access to part geometry
Improved tool life and cycle time as a result of tilting the tool/table to maintain optimum cutting position and constant chip load.
What are the Axes in 5-Axis?
We all know the story about Newton and the apple, but there’s a similarly apocryphal story about the mathematician and philosopher, Rene Descartes.
Descartes was lying in bed (as mathematicians and philosophers are wont to do) when he noticed a fly buzzing around his room. He realized that he could describe the fly’s position in the room’s three-dimensional space using just three numbers, represented by the variables X, Y and Z.
This is the Cartesian Coordinate system, and it’s still in use more than three centuries after Descartes’ death. So X, Y and Z cover three of the five axes in 5-axis machining.
What about the other two?
Imagine zooming in on Descartes’ fly in mid-flight. Instead of only describing its position as a point in three-dimensional space, we can describe its orientation. As it turns, picture the fly rolling in the same way a plane banks. Its roll is described by the fourth axis, A: the rotational axis around X. (1 axis cnc kit or mini 4 axis cnc kit)
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